{"id":6784,"date":"2025-09-08T17:48:36","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T12:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/?p=6784"},"modified":"2025-09-08T17:51:06","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T12:21:06","slug":"100-manual-testing-interview-questions-and-answers-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/100-manual-testing-interview-questions-and-answers-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"100 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers (2025 Edition to Crack Any QA Interview)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-6784-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/100-Manual-Testing-Interview-Questions-and-Answers.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/100-Manual-Testing-Interview-Questions-and-Answers.mp3\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/100-Manual-Testing-Interview-Questions-and-Answers.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In the fast-paced world of software testing, manual testing remains an integral part of ensuring the functionality and reliability of applications. Whether you&#8217;re preparing for an interview or looking to enhance your manual testing skills, understanding the essential concepts of manual testing is key. This blog serves as the follow-up to our previous article, where we discussed <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">100 manual software testing interview questions<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. In this post, we dive into the answers to those questions, giving you the insights and knowledge necessary to master manual testing in 2025.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"100_Manual_Testing_Interview_Questions_and_Answers_for_2025\"><\/span><strong>100 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers for 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/100-manual-testing-interview-questions-and-answers-2025\/#100_Manual_Testing_Interview_Questions_and_Answers_for_2025\" >100 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers for 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/100-manual-testing-interview-questions-and-answers-2025\/#FAQs\" >FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h3><strong>Basics of Software Testing<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1. How do you define <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-30-software-testing-interview-questions-2025-freshers-edition\/\">software testing<\/a> and its purpose in software development?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Software testing is a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">structured activity of examining a software system to validate its behavior against requirements and uncover hidden defects<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0Its purpose is to ensure correctness, completeness, and reliability, increase user confidence, and prevent costly production issues by detecting defects early.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2. Can you explain the difference between verification and validation with examples?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Verification ensures the product is built as per specifications (\u201cAre we building it right?\u201d), for example by reviewing requirement documents, while validation ensures the product meets user needs (\u201cAre we building the right thing?\u201d), for example through User Acceptance Testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">3. How does Quality Assurance (QA) differ from Quality Control (QC)?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Quality Assurance (QA) is process-oriented and preventive, such as defining coding standards, while Quality Control (QC) is product-oriented and detective, such as executing functional testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">4. What are the phases of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is composed of <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">requirement gathering, system and design planning, coding and implementation, quality validation through testing, deployment to production, and ongoing maintenance for improvements<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">5. Walk me through the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC).<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Software Testing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/devops-lifecycle-5-different-phases-of-devops\/\">Life Cycle<\/a> (STLC) involves requirement analysis, test planning, test case design, test environment setup, test execution, and test closure with reporting.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">6. What is meant by dynamic testing, and when is it applied?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dynamic testing involves executing code at runtime and is applied after build deployment, such as in functional or system testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">7. How does static testing work, and what is its purpose?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Static testing checks requirements, design, or code without execution, using reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections, with the purpose of finding defects early.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">8. Can you describe white-box testing and its applications?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">White-box testing is based on code and logic, applied in unit testing or to achieve path and condition coverage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">9. What is <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black-box_testing\">black-box testing<\/a>, and where is it most useful?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Black-box testing is focused on inputs and outputs without knowledge of code and is most useful in functional, system, or acceptance testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10. How would you differentiate between positive testing and negative testing with examples?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Positive testing checks valid input, such as logging in with correct credentials, while negative testing checks invalid input, such as entering the wrong password.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/playwright.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5709 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class.png\" alt=\"Playwright automation testing\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Test Planning and Strategy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">11. What is gray-box testing, and how does it differ from black-box and white-box?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gray-box testing combines both white-box and black-box approaches; for example, testing a UI with partial knowledge of the database schema.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">12. How would you describe a test strategy and its role in QA?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-10-test-strategy-optimization-techniques-for-2025\/\">test strategy<\/a> is a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">comprehensive guideline that outlines the overall testing philosophy, goals, scope, resource allocation, and risk considerations<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, serving as a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">roadmap for all QA activities<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">13. How would you define a test plan, and what process would you follow to build it effectively?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test plan is a detailed document describing testing objectives, schedules, resources, and deliverables, created through requirement analysis, scope definition, estimating effort, identifying risks, and finalizing approvals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">14. What is a test scenario, and how do you design one?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test scenario is a high-level description of what to test, such as verifying that a user can transfer funds between accounts.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">15. How would you explain a test case with an example?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test case is a step-by-step instruction with inputs and expected outputs, such as entering valid credentials and expecting the dashboard to load.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">16. What is meant by a test bed in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/career-transistion-in-automation-testing-from-manual-testing\/\">manual testing<\/a>?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test bed is the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">complete setup of infrastructure\u2014hardware devices, operating system, test data, configurations, and supporting tools\u2014designed to facilitate effective testing activities<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">17. Can you describe what a test suite is and in which stage of testing it is usually prepared?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test suite is a logical collection of test cases, usually prepared before execution.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">18. How do you define test data, and why is it important?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test data consists of input values used during testing and is important to ensure realistic and accurate results.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">19. Explain the defect life cycle with stages.<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The defect life cycle has stages: new, assigned, open, fixed, retested, verified, and then either closed or reopened.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">20. How do smoke tests and sanity tests differ in purpose and execution?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Smoke testing is a broad, shallow check of major functionality after a build, while sanity testing is a narrow, deep check of a module after changes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Defect Management and Reporting<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">21. Can you explain entry and exit criteria in the context of software testing with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/master-the-real-world-automation-testing-marathon-your-catalyst-for-a-high-growth-qa-career\/\">real-world<\/a> examples?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Entry criteria are conditions required before testing begins, such as build deployment and test data readiness, while exit criteria are conditions for closing testing, such as meeting a pass percentage and fixing critical defects.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">22. In defect management, what does a &#8220;blocker&#8221; mean?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A blocker is a defect that halts further testing or development, such as a login page failure that prevents all other test cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">23. How do you explain regression testing with an example?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Regression testing ensures recent changes haven\u2019t broken existing functionality, for example retesting checkout after a cart bug fix.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">24. What is retesting, and how does it differ from regression?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Retesting is re-executing failed test cases after a fix, while regression checks that other areas remain unaffected.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">25. What is monkey testing, and how is it performed?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monkey_testing\">Monkey testing<\/a> is a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">randomized approach where testers or tools input unpredictable data or actions without predefined test cases<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, mainly to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">check the resilience and robustness of the system under unexpected conditions<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/genai-qa-engineers-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5555 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI.png\" alt=\"Babu's Gen AI\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">26. How would you differentiate between severity and priority of a defect?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Severity indicates the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">degree of technical damage a defect causes to the application<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, whereas priority reflects the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">business urgency with which the defect must be addressed and resolved<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">27. What is meant by defect priority?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect priority defines the order in which defects must be fixed, with high priority assigned to issues like a checkout failure.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">28. What is meant by defect severity?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect severity reflects the technical impact, such as a crash being high severity and a typo being low severity.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">29. Provide real-world examples of software defects that fall into each category.<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Examples include: a typo (low severity, low priority), a crash in a rarely used feature (high severity, low priority), a misaligned logo (low severity, high priority), and payment gateway failure (high severity, high priority).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">30. What is unit testing, and who performs it?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Unit testing validates individual components and is usually performed by developers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Levels and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/5-types-of-software-testing-models-in-2025\/\">Types of Testing<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">31. How does integration testing work, and why is it important?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Integration testing verifies interactions between modules, such as a login module and its user database, to ensure correct data flow.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">32. What is system testing, and what does it validate?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">System testing validates the entire system end-to-end against both functional and non-functional requirements.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">33. What is user-acceptance testing, and who conducts it?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">User Acceptance Testing (UAT) validates that the system meets business needs and is performed by end-users or client representatives.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">34. What are alpha and beta testing, and how are they different?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alpha testing is performed internally before release, while beta testing is done by external users in real scenarios.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">35. How is monkey testing different from ad-hoc testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Monkey testing is purely random, while ad-hoc testing is informal but guided by tester knowledge.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">36. Could you walk me through Test Driven Development (TDD) and explain how it fits into the development cycle?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test-Driven Development (TDD) writes tests before <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/most-common-used-http-response-status-codes\/\">writing code<\/a>, ensuring code meets defined expectations through a cycle of write test, fail, code, pass, refactor.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">37. Can you explain Equivalence Class Partitioning with an example?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence Partitioning divides input into valid and invalid classes; for an age field 1\u2013100, 25 is valid while \u22125 and 150 are invalid.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">38. How does boundary value analysis work in test design?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Boundary Value Analysis tests values at the edges, such as 0, 1, 100, and 101 for an input range of 1\u2013100.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">39. What attributes are generally included in a defect report?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A defect report usually contains an ID, description, severity, priority, steps to reproduce, expected vs actual result, environment, status, and assignee.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">40. What is a stub in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A stub is a dummy lower-level module, such as simulating a payment service that always returns success.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5159 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium.jpg\" alt=\"Selenium training in chennai\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium-300x75.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium-1024x256.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium-768x192.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium-1536x384.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Selenium-150x38.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Test Design Techniques<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">41. What is a driver in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A driver is a temporary higher-level program to test lower modules, such as a driver calling a login function before the UI is ready.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">42. What are the key <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/5-benefits-of-selenium-webdriver-for-automationtesting\/\">benefits of automation testing<\/a>?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Automation testing offers benefits like faster execution, reusability, fewer errors, CI\/CD support, and long-term cost savings.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">43. What are the drawbacks or risks of automation testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Risks of automation include high initial costs, maintenance overhead, unsuitability for exploratory testing, and the need for skilled testers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">44. Compare the Waterfall Model with Agile methodology.<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Waterfall is sequential and rigid with late testing, while Agile is iterative, flexible, and emphasizes continuous feedback.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">45. How would you define a test plan, and what process would you follow to build it effectively?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test plan details the testing scope, schedule, approach, and deliverables, created through requirement analysis, scope definition, test design, resource planning, risk analysis, and approvals.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">46. Can you explain how system testing differs from integration testing in terms of scope and objectives?<\/span><\/b><\/h5>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Integration testing focuses on module interactions, while system testing validates the complete application end-to-end.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">47. What does verification mean in the context of testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/verification-and-validation-in-software-testing\/\">Verification<\/a> checks whether software is built correctly against specifications without executing code, using reviews and static analysis.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">48. What are the main differences between boundary value analysis and equivalence partitioning in test design techniques?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence Partitioning reduces test cases by dividing inputs into classes, while Boundary Value Analysis tests edges of ranges.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">49. What is the difference between authentication and authorization?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Authentication verifies identity, such as logging in with credentials, while authorization checks permissions, such as admin rights.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">50. Explain the steps involved in reviewing a test case.<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reviewing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/is-chatgpt-changing-the-game-in-test-case-writing\/\">test case<\/a> involves stakeholder walkthroughs, validation of coverage, logging comments, and final updates.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">51. Differentiate between regression testing and retesting.<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Regression testing ensures new changes don\u2019t affect existing functionality, while retesting checks previously failed test cases after a defect fix.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">52. What is the purpose of using Equivalence Class Partitioning (ECP)?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence Class Partitioning reduces the number of test cases while maintaining effective coverage by testing representative values.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">53. Which Black Box Test Design techniques are most commonly applied, and why?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence Partitioning, Boundary Value Analysis, Decision Table Testing, and State Transition Testing are commonly applied because they provide high coverage with fewer test cases and align with business scenarios.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">54. Can you explain random testing and describe scenarios where it is most effective?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Random testing selects inputs without design and is effective for stress testing, performance testing, or robustness checks.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">55. Why do we use test design techniques in software testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test design techniques ensure systematic coverage, reduce redundancy, detect defects early, and improve test quality.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/about-us.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5158 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching.png\" alt=\"Teaching\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Teaching-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">56. What is use case testing, and what are its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/7-key-benefits-of-enrolling-in-an-online-playwright-automation-course\/\">benefits<\/a>?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use case testing designs test cases from system use cases, aligning tests with user behavior and ensuring end-to-end validation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">57. What is equivalence testing in design techniques?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence testing is another name for Equivalence Partitioning, where inputs are divided into valid and invalid classes to minimize redundant test cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">58. How does State Transition Testing work?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">State Transition Testing validates system behavior during state changes, such as an ATM card moving from insert \u2192 PIN entry \u2192 transaction \u2192 eject.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">59. How would you categorize and explain the different types of test design techniques used in QA?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test design techniques are categorized into specification-based (black-box), structure-based (white-box), and experience-based (exploratory\/error guessing).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">60. What is a walkthrough in static testing techniques?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A walkthrough is an informal review where the author explains a document to peers to identify defects.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Static Testing Techniques<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">61. What is a technical review in static testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A technical review is a structured peer review of technical documents, such as design or code, performed with subject matter experts.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">62. What are static testing techniques, and how are they applied?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Static testing techniques include reviews, walkthroughs, inspections, and static analysis, applied early in the SDLC to detect defects without execution.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">63. What are the main uses of static testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Static testing identifies defects early, improves design and code quality, and reduces rework and costs.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">64. What happens during the kick-off stage of a formal review process?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">During kick-off, objectives, roles, scope, procedures, and documents are defined, and the review team is introduced.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">65. What is a formal review in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A formal review is a structured process, such as inspections, that uses defined roles, checklists, and metrics.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">66. What is informal review in static testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An informal review is a casual review, such as desk checks or pair programming, without a defined process.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">67. What does specification-based testing mean?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Specification-based testing follows a black-box approach, where test scenarios are designed straight from documented requirements and functional specifications without considering internal code.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">68. Can you explain decision table testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Decision table testing is a black-box technique that models conditions and actions in tabular form, useful when input combinations yield different outcomes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">69. What are the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/7-key-benefits-of-ai-in-software-testing\/\">key benefits<\/a> of decision table testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Decision table testing ensures full coverage of input combinations, identifies missing requirements, and reduces redundant test cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">70. What is an experience-based testing technique?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/all-courses.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4599 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes.png\" alt=\"Online Classes\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Online-Classes-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Experience-based testing leverages the tester\u2019s past knowledge, domain expertise, and gut instinct to create effective test conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong>Advanced &amp; Non-Functional Testing<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">71. What are the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/types-of-frameworks-in-selenium-webdriver\/\">different types<\/a> of experience-based test design techniques?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The types are exploratory testing, error guessing, and checklist-based testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">72. Could you describe the Boundary Value Analysis technique and explain its importance in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Boundary Value Analysis tests inputs at minimum, maximum, and just-inside\/outside boundaries, which is important because many defects occur at edges.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">73. What is exploratory testing, and when is it useful?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Exploratory testing combines learning, test design, and execution without predefined cases, and is useful in early-stage or time-constrained projects.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">74. What is equivalence partitioning, and how is it used in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Equivalence Partitioning groups input data into classes of expected valid and invalid ranges, where testing a single sample from each class is sufficient to represent the whole group.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">75. How would you categorize and explain the different levels of testing within the software development process?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Levels of testing include unit testing for components, integration testing for module interaction, system testing for end-to-end validation, and acceptance testing for business approval.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">76. How would you classify different categories of defects?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defects may appear in different forms, such as functional logic failures, performance bottlenecks, user interface glitches, or security vulnerabilities.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">77. On what basis is an acceptance plan prepared?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An acceptance plan is prepared based on business requirements, user needs, and critical success factors.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">78. What is the cost impact of detecting and fixing a defect late in the development lifecycle instead of early?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The cost of fixing defects increases exponentially at later stages, with post-deployment fixes costing 10\u201330 times more than early-stage fixes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">79. What factors or metrics would you consider when estimating effort and timelines for a testing project?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Factors include requirement complexity, number of test cases, test environment readiness, resource availability, risks, and defect density from past projects.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">80. Can you describe performance testing and explain why it is essential before deployment?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/what-is-performance-testing\/\">Performance testing<\/a> evaluates speed, scalability, and stability under load, ensuring the system meets SLAs, prevents crashes, and handles production traffic.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">81. How do load testing and stress testing differ?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Load testing measures system behavior under typical or anticipated user loads, whereas stress testing deliberately overloads the system to find its breaking threshold.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">82. What does concurrent user load mean in performance testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Concurrent user load refers to the number of users performing transactions simultaneously.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">83. How do you determine if performance testing is necessary before deploying an application to production?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-10-performance-testing-tools-in-2025\/\">Performance testing<\/a> is necessary if the application has a large user base, strict SLAs, or business-critical transactions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">84. What is the purpose of security testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Security testing identifies vulnerabilities, prevents attacks, and ensures data confidentiality and integrity.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">85. What is endurance (soak) testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Endurance or soak testing runs the system under normal load for extended periods to check stability and memory leaks.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/contact.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4556 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship.png\" alt=\"One to one mentorship\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/One-to-one-mentorship-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Agile and Scrum <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/qa-technical-interview-questions-in-2024\/\">Interview Questions<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">86. Could you explain spike testing and describe scenarios where it becomes essential?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Spike testing focuses on assessing system behavior when workload suddenly rises or drops within a short period, ensuring the application can withstand abrupt fluctuations without crashing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">87. How does functional testing differ from non-functional testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Functional testing ensures that application features work as intended per requirements, while non-functional testing checks overall system qualities such as speed, reliability, scalability, and user-friendliness.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">88. In what way does the Software Testing Life Cycle align with the Software Development Life Cycle, and which testing tasks are performed in each stage?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In SDLC, requirement analysis maps to test requirement analysis, design maps to test planning, development maps to test case design, testing maps to execution and defect reporting, and deployment maps to UAT and regression.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">89. Who is responsible for preparing test cases?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test case design is typically handled by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/why-qa-professionals-choose-testleafs-playwright-javascript-course-online\/\">QA professionals<\/a>, often refined with insights from developers or business analysts for completeness.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">90. How are test cases connected to test data, and why is this relationship important?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test cases specify what to test, while test data provides the values to test, ensuring realistic and accurate execution.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">91. What are some methods to collect test data?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test data can be collected from masked production data, manually created values, generated tools or scripts, or inputs from business analysts.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">92. Is test data mandatory for every <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/is-chatgpt-changing-the-game-in-test-case-writing\/\">test case<\/a>?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test data is not mandatory for all cases, such as UI layout checks, but is critical for functional validations.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">93. How do testers derive test cases from requirements?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Testers derive test cases by reviewing requirement documents, creating scenarios for positive and negative flows, and applying design techniques such as BVA and ECP.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">94. In your view, what makes a test case clear, effective, and reusable?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A good test case is simple, unambiguous, covers both positive and negative scenarios, is linked to requirements, and uses reusable modular steps.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">95. Can you differentiate between a test scenario and a test case with suitable examples?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A test scenario is high-level, such as testing login functionality, while a test case is detailed, such as entering credentials and checking the dashboard.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4422 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements.png\" alt=\"placements\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/placements-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Practical Test Case Questions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">96. How do positive test cases differ from negative ones, and why are both important in testing?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Positive test cases validate expected behavior with valid input, while negative test cases validate error handling with invalid input, ensuring system robustness.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">97. How would you explain Agile <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/different-software-testing-methods-every-qa-should-know\/\">Methodology<\/a>?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Agile is an iterative approach that delivers software in short sprints with continuous feedback and adaptability to changing requirements.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">98. What is Scrum, and how does it work?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scrum is an Agile framework with 2\u20134 week sprints that use ceremonies like planning, daily standups, sprint reviews, and retrospectives to ensure progress.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">99. Can you outline the primary roles in a Scrum team and explain their responsibilities?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Within Scrum, the Product Owner defines and prioritizes business needs, the Scrum Master ensures the framework runs smoothly and resolves obstacles, while the Development Team focuses on delivering and validating working increments.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">100. What is the purpose of a Scrum meeting?<\/span><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A Scrum meeting is a daily stand-up where team members share what they did yesterday, what they plan today, and any blockers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conclusion<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">We\u2019ve covered 100 critical <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">manual testing interview questions and answers<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> that are essential for anyone preparing for a software testing role in 2025. These questions touch on various aspects of manual testing, from fundamental concepts to more advanced testing techniques.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">By familiarizing yourself with these questions and their answers, you can significantly boost your chances of success in interviews. Continuously learning new tools, methods, and industry best practices in manual testing is essential to remain relevant and excel in today\u2019s competitive software landscape.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For a deeper understanding of how to approach these questions, make sure to revisit our <\/span>first blog on <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/100-manual-testing-interview-questions-for-2025\/\">100 Manual Testing Interview Questions<\/a><\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> where we discuss how to effectively handle each question.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Get ready to master manual testing in 2025!<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> By understanding both the questions and answers, you&#8217;re one step closer to becoming a proficient software tester.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2267\" data-end=\"2290\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span><strong>FAQs<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2548\"><strong data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2420\">Are manual testing interview questions still important in 2025?<\/strong><br data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2423\" \/>Yes. Manual testing remains critical for exploratory, usability, and ad-hoc testing where automation alone is insufficient.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2550\" data-end=\"2747\"><strong data-start=\"2550\" data-end=\"2621\">What are the most common manual testing interview questions?<\/strong><br data-start=\"2621\" data-end=\"2624\" \/>Questions about SDLC, STLC, test cases, defect lifecycle, and Agile practices are frequently asked in 2025 QA interviews.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2945\"><strong data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2818\">How should freshers prepare for manual testing interviews?<\/strong><br data-start=\"2818\" data-end=\"2821\" \/>Learn fundamentals of test design, write sample test cases, and practice real-world scenarios like login or payment flows.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2947\" data-end=\"3153\"><strong data-start=\"2947\" data-end=\"3007\">Is manual testing better than automation testing?<\/strong><br data-start=\"3007\" data-end=\"3010\" \/>Both complement each other. Manual testing ensures usability and human judgment, while automation speeds up regression and repetitive checks.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3328\"><strong data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3229\">Where can I find manual testing interview answers for practice?<\/strong><br data-start=\"3229\" data-end=\"3232\" \/>This blog provides 100 detailed manual testing interview Q&amp;A designed for 2025 job interviews.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><strong>We Also Provide Training In:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>Advanced Selenium Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/playwright.html\"><strong>Playwright Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/genai-qa-engineers-training-course.html\"><strong>Gen AI Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/aws-cloud-architect-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>AWS Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/rest-api-testing-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>REST API Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/full-stack-developer-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>Full Stack Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/appium-mobile-automation-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>Appium Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/dev-ops-master-certification-training-course.html\"><strong>DevOps Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/apache-jmeter-testing-training-course.html\"><strong>JMeter Performance Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Author\u2019s Bio<\/strong>:<\/h6>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6744 size-full alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Kadhir.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Kadhir.png 200w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Kadhir-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Kadhir-96x96.png 96w\" alt=\"Kadhir\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Content Writer at Testleaf, specializing in SEO-driven content for test automation, software development, and cybersecurity. I turn complex technical topics into clear, engaging stories that educate, inspire, and drive digital transformation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ezhirkadhir Raja<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Content Writer \u2013 Testleaf<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/ezhirkadhir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/linkedin.png\" alt=\"LinkedIn Logo\" width=\"28\" height=\"28\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 In the fast-paced world of software testing, manual testing remains an integral part of ensuring the functionality and reliability of applications. Whether you&#8217;re preparing for an interview or looking to enhance your manual testing skills, understanding the essential concepts of manual testing is key. This blog serves as the follow-up to our previous article, &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/100-manual-testing-interview-questions-and-answers-2025\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">100 Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers (2025 Edition to Crack Any QA Interview)<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6785,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[477,473,157,65,725,109,873,43,122],"class_list":["post-6784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manual-testing","tag-ai-testing","tag-interview","tag-interview-preparation","tag-interview-questions","tag-interview-questions-and-answers","tag-manual-testing","tag-manual-testing-interview-quesitons","tag-software-testing","tag-top-interview-questions"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6784"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6784\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6795,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6784\/revisions\/6795"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6784"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}