{"id":3991,"date":"2025-02-18T13:50:27","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T08:20:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/?p=3991"},"modified":"2026-04-30T11:21:20","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T05:51:20","slug":"2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/","title":{"rendered":"2026 Top Automation Testing Infosys Interview Questions with Expert Answers from Testleaf for 2 to 5 Years&#8217; Experience"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><h2><\/h2>\n<!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-3991-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/ogg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/2025-Top-Automation-Testing-Infosys-Interview-Questions-with-Expert-Answers-from-Testleaf-for-2-to-5-Years-Experience.ogg?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/2025-Top-Automation-Testing-Infosys-Interview-Questions-with-Expert-Answers-from-Testleaf-for-2-to-5-Years-Experience.ogg\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/2025-Top-Automation-Testing-Infosys-Interview-Questions-with-Expert-Answers-from-Testleaf-for-2-to-5-Years-Experience.ogg<\/a><\/audio>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction:<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#Introduction\" >Introduction:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#What_Questions_Are_Asked_in_Infosys_Automation_Testing_Interviews\" >What Questions Are Asked in Infosys Automation Testing Interviews?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#How_Infosys_Actually_Evaluates_You\" >How Infosys Actually Evaluates You<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#Updated_for_2026_Automation_Testing_Trends\" >Updated for 2026 Automation Testing Trends<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion:\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/#FAQs\" >FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>In today\u2019s competitive tech landscape, mastering core concepts in automation testing, software development, and agile methodologies is crucial for any aspiring professional. This document compiles a range of common <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/\"><strong data-start=\"215\" data-end=\"269\">Infosys interview questions for automation testing<\/strong><\/a> and detailed answers that cover real-world challenges and best practices\u2014from handling dynamic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/web-elements-in-selenium-webdriver\/\">web elements in Selenium<\/a> and integrating CI\/CD pipelines to understanding object-oriented programming concepts and managing defects. Whether you are preparing for your next interview or looking to sharpen your technical skills, these topics not only help you demonstrate your expertise but also deepen your understanding of industry-standard frameworks and tools like TestNG, Maven, Jenkins, and Git. Read on to gain insights into practical solutions and techniques that can set you apart in your next interview.<\/p>\n<p>Boost your job hunt success by learning <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/how-to-get-more-interview-invites\/\"><strong data-start=\"210\" data-end=\"247\">how to get more interview invites<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"162duv4\" data-start=\"688\" data-end=\"757\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Questions_Are_Asked_in_Infosys_Automation_Testing_Interviews\"><\/span><strong>What Questions Are Asked in Infosys Automation Testing Interviews?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"759\" data-end=\"816\">Infosys automation testing interviews typically focus on:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"817\" data-end=\"964\">\n<li data-section-id=\"rv6iad\" data-start=\"817\" data-end=\"848\">Selenium WebDriver concepts<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kgbzhc\" data-start=\"849\" data-end=\"870\">Java fundamentals<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sgpxvd\" data-start=\"871\" data-end=\"902\">Automation framework design<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6sivzj\" data-start=\"903\" data-end=\"925\">API testing basics<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1onumdh\" data-start=\"926\" data-end=\"964\">Real-time scenario-based questions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"966\" data-end=\"1077\">Candidates are expected to demonstrate practical knowledge and explain how they handle real project challenges.<\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q1.What are the challenge\u2019s did you faced in your last project?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans: <span style=\"color: #000000;\">I initially explained my project and addressed the two major challenges I faced, along with the solutions I implemented. below explained those,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b style=\"font-size: 1.3em; font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dynamic Web Elements Handling in Selenium<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Challenge:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> The application had dynamic elements where IDs and XPath values kept changing, making it difficult to locate elements.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Solution:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">relative XPath<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CSS selectors<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> instead of absolute XPath.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Implemented <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">explicit waits<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (WebDriverWait) to handle synchronization issues.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">JavaScript Executor<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for elements that weren\u2019t interactable using Selenium methods.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CI\/CD Integration for Automated Execution<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Challenge:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Running automation scripts manually delayed deployment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Solution:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Integrated test scripts with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jenkins_(software)\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Jenkins<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for automated execution on code commits.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Configured <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apache_Maven\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Maven<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to generate reports after execution.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q2.Explain your framework<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">My Automation Testing Framework (Hybrid Framework using Selenium &amp; TestNG)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I have worked on a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hybrid Framework<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, which is a combination of <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Data-Driven, Keyword-Driven, and Modular Frameworks<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. It is built using <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Selenium with Java<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">TestNG<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Maven<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">RestAssured<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for API testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Framework Architecture<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The framework follows a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">layered approach<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> with the following components: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Scripts (Test Layer) \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Contains actual test cases written in TestNG.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Page Object Model (POM) \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Manages WebElements and page interactions. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Utility Layer \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Contains reusable functions like Excel handling, logging, reporting, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Data (Data-Driven) \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Fetches input data from Excel\/CSV\/JSON.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Configuration (Config Layer) \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Stores properties like URLs, browser settings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reporting &amp; Logging \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Uses Extent Reports and Log4j for debugging and tracking.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CI\/CD Integration \u2192<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Integrated with Jenkins for continuous execution.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Tools &amp; Technologies Used\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Programming Language:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Java <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-10-web-automation-testing-tools-for-2024\/\">Automation Tool<\/a>:<\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Selenium WebDriver <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Unit Testing Framework:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> TestNG <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Build Tool:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Maven <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Execution:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Jenkins <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reporting:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Extent Reports <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logging:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Log4j <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Data Handling:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Apache POI (Excel), JSON, Properties files <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">API Testing:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> RestAssured <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Version Control:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Git\/GitHub<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Key Features of My Framework\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Page Object Model (POM)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Separates test logic from UI locators.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Data-Driven Approach<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Fetches test data from external sources (Excel\/CSV\/JSON).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reusable Utility Methods<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Methods for browser handling, waits, screenshots, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Parallel Execution with TestNG<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Runs multiple tests simultaneously.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Custom Reporting with Extent Reports<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Generates HTML reports with test status.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins Integration<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Automates execution on every code commit.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b style=\"font-size: 1.5em; font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q3. What stale element reference exception,how can you overcome it?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> A <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">StaleElementReferenceException<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> occurs in Selenium when a WebElement is no longer attached to the DOM (Document Object Model). This typically happens in dynamic web applications where elements are refreshed, updated, or reloaded.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"3\"><strong>When Does It Occur?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">DOM Updates After Page Refresh:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> The element reference becomes invalid after a page reload or navigation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">JavaScript Modifications:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> If the element is updated dynamically via JavaScript, Selenium may lose reference.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Re-rendering of Elements:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Some frameworks (like React, Angular) reload elements frequently.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Elements Inside IFrames:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> If an iframe is refreshed, the referenced elements become stale.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>How to Overcome StaleElementReferenceException?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Explicit Waits<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (ExpectedConditions.refreshed()). <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Re-locate the element<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> before performing an action.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">try-catch block<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for retrying actions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">JavaScript Executor<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> as a last resort.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Re-switch to the iframe<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> if the element is inside one.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q4. Explain oops concept and related to\u202fyour framework<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans:<\/span> Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs) consists of four main pillars:<\/span><br \/>\n<b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Encapsulation \u2192 Used in POM to keep locators private.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Abstraction \u2192 Hides browser setup logic using base classes.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Inheritance \u2192 Test classes inherit from BaseTest for common functions.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Polymorphism<\/span><\/b><strong> \u2192 Method overloading for flexible interactions with elements.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Encapsulation (Data Hiding &amp; Access Control)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Encapsulation means wrapping data (variables) and code (methods) together in a class and restricting direct access to them.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How It\u2019s Used in Selenium Framework?<\/span><\/b><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Page Object Model (POM) follows encapsulation by keeping locators <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">private<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and providing <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">public<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> getter methods.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prevents direct modification of WebElements outside the class.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Abstraction (Hiding Implementation Details)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Abstraction means exposing only the necessary details while hiding the complex logic.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How It\u2019s Used in Selenium Framework?<\/span><\/b><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0We create <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Base Classes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (e.g., BaseTest, BasePage) that handle browser setup, waits, and common methods, so test cases don\u2019t have to deal with them.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Inheritance (Code Reusability)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Inheritance allows one class to acquire properties and methods of another class.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How It\u2019s Used in Selenium Framework?<\/span><\/b><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test classes <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inherit<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> from the BaseTest class to use common browser methods.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Page classes <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inherit<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> from a BasePage class to reuse common methods.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Polymorphism (Method Overloading &amp; Overriding)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Polymorphism allows multiple methods to have the same name but different behavior.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">How It\u2019s Used in Selenium Framework?<\/span><\/b><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Method Overloading<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: Same method name but different parameters (e.g., handling clicks differently).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Method Overriding<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: A subclass modifies the behavior of a method inherited from the parent class.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog_post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3886 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium.jpg\" alt=\"selenium training in chennai\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium-300x75.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium-1024x256.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium-768x192.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium-1536x384.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Selenium-150x38.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q5. Difference between throw and throws<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span>: Both throw and throws are used for <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">exception handling<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, but they have different purposes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table data-tablestyle=\"MsoNormalTable\" data-tablelook=\"1184\" aria-rowcount=\"7\">\n<tbody>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"1\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Feature<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">throw<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">throws<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"2\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used to explicitly throw an exception.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used to declare exceptions that a method might throw.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"3\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Where It Is Used?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Inside a method or block.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In the method signature.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"4\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Type of Exception<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Can throw a single instance of an exception.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Can declare multiple exceptions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"5\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Follows Which Concept?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used for creating custom exceptions or propagating exceptions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Used for exception propagation from a method.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"6\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Keyword Followed By?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Exception object (new ExceptionType).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Exception class name.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"7\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Handling Requirement<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Must be handled using try-catch or propagate further.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">No immediate handling is required, just informs the caller about possible exceptions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use throw<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> when you want to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">explicitly throw<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> an exception inside a method.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use throws<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> when you want to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">declare<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> exceptions in a method signature for the caller to handle.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q6. Write a snippet for webdriverwait<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span> : <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong>WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(5)); \u00a0wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()).accept();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q7. Write a snippet for windowhandling<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span> :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.By;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.Set;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class WindowHandlingExample {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(&#8220;https:\/\/example.com&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Store the main window handle\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Click a link that opens a new window\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebElement newTabLink = driver.findElement(By.id(&#8220;newTab&#8221;));\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 newTabLink.click();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Get all open window handles\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Set&lt;String&gt; allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Switch to the new window\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for (String window : allWindows) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.switchTo().window(window);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 break;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.println(&#8220;Title of new window: &#8221; + driver.getTitle());\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Close the new window and switch back to the main window\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.close();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.quit();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q8. Write a program for palindrome<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\" data-contrast=\"auto\">Ans:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.Scanner;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class PalindromeString {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static boolean isPalindrome(String str) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 String reversed = new StringBuilder(str).reverse().toString();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 return str.equalsIgnoreCase(reversed);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.print(&#8220;Enter a string: &#8220;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 String input = scanner.nextLine();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/em><em><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 if (isPalindrome(input)) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.println(input + &#8221; is a palindrome.&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 } else {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.println(input + &#8221; is not a palindrome.&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/em><em><strong>\u00a0 scanner.close();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q9. Explain defect life cycle<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans:\u00a0 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect Life Cycle<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (also called the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bug Life Cycle<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">) is the process that a defect goes through from discovery to closure. It helps in tracking, managing, and resolving defects efficiently.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Phases of the Defect Life Cycle\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">New:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"4\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The defect is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">identified<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and logged by a tester in a defect tracking tool (like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jira_(software)\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">JIRA<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, Bugzilla, or ALM).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"4\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It includes details like <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">severity, priority, environment, steps to reproduce, screenshots, and logs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Assigned:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The defect is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">assigned<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to a developer or development lead for further investigation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The developer starts <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">analyzing<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> the defect and tries to reproduce it.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The defect may be:<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Accepted<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 If it is a valid defect, it moves to the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;In Progress&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> phase.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rejected<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 If the defect is invalid or works as expected, it is marked as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Rejected&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Deferred<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 If the defect is not a priority or planned for a future release, it is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">deferred<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In Progress \/ Fixing:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The developer starts working on fixing the defect.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Once fixed, it is moved to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Fixed&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> status.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fixed:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The developer <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">fixes the defect<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and updates the status.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Retest:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The tester <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">verifies the fix<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> by retesting the defect in the same environment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If it passes, the defect is marked as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Verified&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reopen (if needed):<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If the defect is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">not fixed properly<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, it is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reopened<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and assigned back to the developer.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Verified:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If the defect is fixed correctly and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">no issues are found<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, it is marked as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Verified&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Closed:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"12\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Once verified, the defect is <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">closed<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> by the testing team.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q10. what is testplan and strategy<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> Both <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Plan<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Test_strategy\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Test Strategy<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> are crucial documents in software testing, but they serve different purposes. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Plan<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> is project-specific, focusing on execution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Strategy<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> is a high-level document that guides the testing approach.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">What is a Test Plan?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Plan<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> is a detailed document that outlines <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">how testing will be performed<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in a specific project. It includes objectives, scope, approach, resources, schedule, and deliverables.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Key Elements of a Test Plan<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Plan ID<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Unique identifier for the test plan.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introduction<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Overview of the project and test objectives.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scope<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Features to be tested and not tested.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Approach<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Manual or automation testing strategy.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Environment<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Hardware, software, network setup.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Deliverables<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Reports, logs, test cases, automation scripts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Entry &amp; Exit Criteria<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 When to start and stop testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Schedule<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Timeline for testing activities.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"13\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Risk &amp; Mitigation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Possible risks and how to handle them.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Example:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"14\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scope:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Login, Registration, Payment, and Checkout modules.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"14\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Approach:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Automation using <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Selenium with Java<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for UI testing, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Postman for API testing<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"14\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Environment:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Windows 11, Chrome v120, Test Database.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">What is a Test Strategy?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Strategy<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> is a high-level document that defines the overall testing <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">approach and principles<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> followed across multiple projects in an organization.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Key Elements of a Test Strategy<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Testing Scope<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 What needs to be tested.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Testing Types<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Unit, Integration, System, Performance, Security testing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Levels<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Smoke, Sanity, Regression, UAT.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Tools<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Selenium, JUnit, TestNG, JIRA, Postman, etc.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect Management<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 How defects are logged, tracked, and closed.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test Metrics &amp; Reporting<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 How testing progress will be measured.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Automation Strategy<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 When and what to automate.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"15\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Risk Analysis<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Identifying risks and mitigation plans.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Example:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"16\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Testing Types:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Functional, Performance, Security, UI, API.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"16\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Automation Strategy:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Automate regression tests using <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Selenium + TestNG<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"16\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect Tracking Tool:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> JIRA.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/playwright.html?utm_source=blog_post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5709 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class.png\" alt=\"Playwright automation testing\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Playwright-online-class-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q11. Write a program for character occurance using map?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span>:<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.HashMap;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.Map;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.Scanner;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class CharacterOccurrence {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void countCharacterOccurrences(String str) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Map&lt;Character, Integer&gt; charCountMap = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Convert string to character array and count occurrences\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for (char ch : str.toCharArray()) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 charCountMap.put(ch, charCountMap.getOrDefault(ch, 0) + 1);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Print character counts\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.println(&#8220;Character Occurrences:&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for (Map.Entry&lt;Character, Integer&gt; entry : charCountMap.entrySet()) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.println(&#8220;&#8216;&#8221; + entry.getKey() + &#8220;&#8216; : &#8221; + entry.getValue());\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System.out.print(&#8220;Enter a string: &#8220;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 String input = scanner.nextLine();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 countCharacterOccurrences(input);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 scanner.close();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q12. can you tell some git comments, did you faced any merge conflict, how will you overcome that<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> Common Git Commands<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"4\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Basic Git Commands<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git init \u2192 Initialize a new Git repository.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git clone &lt;repo_url&gt; \u2192 Clone an existing repository.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git status \u2192 Check the current status of the working directory.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git add &lt;file&gt; \u2192 Stage a file for commit.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git add . \u2192 Stage all changes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git commit -m &#8220;Commit message&#8221; \u2192 Commit staged changes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git push origin &lt;branch&gt; \u2192 Push commits to the remote repository.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"17\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git pull origin &lt;branch&gt; \u2192 Pull latest changes from the remote repository.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Branching and Merging<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"18\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git branch \u2192 List all branches.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"18\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git branch &lt;branch_name&gt; \u2192 Create a new branch.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"18\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git checkout &lt;branch_name&gt; \u2192 Switch to another branch.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"18\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git checkout -b &lt;branch_name&gt; \u2192 Create and switch to a new branch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"18\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git merge &lt;branch_name&gt; \u2192 Merge another branch into the current branch.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Handling Merge Conflicts<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Have I Faced a Merge Conflict?<\/strong><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong> : <\/span>Yes! Merge conflicts occur when multiple developers modify the same file in different branches, and Git cannot decide which changes to keep.<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">How to Overcome Merge Conflicts?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scenario: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I was working on the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;login feature&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and another developer modified the same file. When I tried to merge, Git showed a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">merge conflict<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"4\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Steps to Resolve Merge Conflict<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Identify the conflicted files<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> using:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span>git status<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:[916,1832,2748,3664,4580,5496,6412,7328,8244,9160,10076,10992,11908,12824,13740,14656],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open the file<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and you will see conflict markers:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt; HEAD <\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">My changes (from my branch) <\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">======= <\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Other developer&#8217;s changes (from merged branch) <\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; feature-branch\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Manually edit the file<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to keep the correct version.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mark the conflict as resolved<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> by adding the file:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span>git add &lt;file&gt;<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Commit the resolved changes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> \u00a0<\/span>git commit -m &#8220;Resolved merge conflict in &lt;file&gt;&#8221;<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:[916,1832,2748,3664,4580,5496,6412,7328,8244,9160,10076,10992,11908,12824,13740,14656],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"19\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Push the changes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span> git push origin &lt;branch&gt;<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:[916,1832,2748,3664,4580,5496,6412,7328,8244,9160,10076,10992,11908,12824,13740,14656],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"4\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Undo &amp; Reset<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"20\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git checkout &#8212; &lt;file&gt; \u2192 Discard changes in a file.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"20\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git reset &#8211;hard HEAD \u2192 Reset to the last committed state.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"20\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git revert &lt;commit_hash&gt; \u2192 Undo a specific commit but keep history.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"20\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">git stash \u2192 Temporarily save changes without committing.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong data-start=\"5302\" data-end=\"5372\">Do Infosys interviews focus more on theory or practical knowledge?<\/strong><br data-start=\"5372\" data-end=\"5375\" \/>They focus more on practical, real-time problem-solving rather than theoretical answers.<\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q13. How to raise defect in jira , explain that flow<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Steps to Raise a Defect in JIRA<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Login to JIRA<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">JIRA URL<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in a web browser (e.g., https:\/\/yourcompany.atlassian.net).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"21\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enter your <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">username\/email<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">password<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to log in.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Navigate to the Project<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"22\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Select the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">project<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> where you want to log the defect.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"22\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click on <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Create&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (usually at the top navigation bar).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><span data-contrast=\"none\">Fill in the Bug Details<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">When the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Create Issue<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> form appears, fill in the required details:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table data-tablestyle=\"MsoNormalTable\" data-tablelook=\"1184\" aria-rowcount=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"1\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Field<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Description<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Example<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"2\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Project<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Select the project where the defect belongs.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">E-commerce Website<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"3\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Issue Type<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Choose <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bug<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (since it&#8217;s a defect).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bug<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"4\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Summary<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A short, clear title of the defect.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Login button not working in Chrome<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"5\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Description<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Detailed explanation of the issue.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Steps to reproduce, Expected vs Actual Results<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"6\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Priority<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Define the severity of the defect.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Critical \/ High \/ Medium \/ Low<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"7\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Environment<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mention browser, OS, or device details.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chrome v120, Windows 11<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"8\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Assignee<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Assign to a developer or leave as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Unassigned<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">John Doe (Developer)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"9\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Attachments<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Upload screenshots, logs, or videos (if applicable).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Screenshot of error message<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"10\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Labels<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tags to help in searching\/filtering.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Login, UI-Bug<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h6><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Click &#8220;Create&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"23\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After filling in all the details, click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Create&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to log the defect in JIRA.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Defect Life Cycle in JIRA:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Once a defect is logged, it follows a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">lifecycle<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Tester logs the defect. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Assigned<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Developer is assigned to fix it. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In Progress<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Developer starts working on the fix.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fixed<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Developer resolves the issue and marks it as &#8220;Fixed.&#8221; <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ready for Retest<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 Tester verifies the fix.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reopened<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 If the issue still exists, it is reopened. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Closed<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2192 If the defect is fixed successfully, it is marked as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Closed<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\"><strong>Example Scenario<\/strong>: <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-contrast=\"auto\">You are testing a login page, and after entering valid credentials, clicking the <\/span><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">login button does nothing<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Defect Logged in JIRA:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Summary:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Login button unresponsive on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.chrome.com\/blog\/new-in-chrome-120\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Chrome v120<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Description:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"24\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Steps to Reproduce:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open the website in Chrome.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enter valid credentials.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click the &#8220;Login&#8221; button.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"24\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Courier New&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[9675],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;o&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Expected Result:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> User should be redirected to the homepage.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"o\" data-font=\"Courier New\" data-listid=\"24\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1440,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Courier New&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[9675],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;o&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Actual Result:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Nothing happens, and no error message is displayed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Q14. How to schedule the pipeline in jenkins?<\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans<\/span> :\u00a0 Jenkins provides multiple ways to schedule a pipeline job, such as <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cron expressions, build triggers, and polling SCM<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Below are the different methods you can use to schedule a pipeline in Jenkins.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Using Cron Expression (Build Periodically)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\"> \u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins allows you to schedule jobs using <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cron syntax<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Steps to Schedule a Pipeline Job<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins Dashboard<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Go to your <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pipeline Job<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Configure&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scroll to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Build Triggers&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> section.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Check <b>&#8220;Build periodically&#8221;<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enter a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cron expression<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in the schedule field.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"25\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Save&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Cron Expression Examples<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<table data-tablestyle=\"MsoNormalTable\" data-tablelook=\"1184\" aria-rowcount=\"6\">\n<tbody>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"1\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cron Expression<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Execution Frequency<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"2\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">H\/15 * * * *<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Every 15 minutes<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"3\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0 * * * *<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Every hour<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"4\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0 9 * * *<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Every day at 9 AM<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"5\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0 12 * * 1-5<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Every weekday (Mon-Fri) at 12 PM<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"6\">\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0 2 1 * *<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"4369\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On the 1st of every month at 2 AM<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Using SCM Polling (Poll SCM)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This method schedules builds based on changes in<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/best-git-branching-strategies-a-guide-to-git-best-practices\/\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Git<\/span><\/b><\/a><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> or other source control systems<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Steps to Enable Poll SCM<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins Dashboard<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Go to your <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pipeline Job<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Configure&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scroll to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Build Triggers&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Check <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Poll SCM&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enter a cron expression (e.g., H\/5 * * * * to check for updates every 5 minutes).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"26\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Save&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Note:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> This method <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">only triggers a build if there are changes in the repository<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Using a Scripted Pipeline<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If you&#8217;re using a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkinsfile<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, you can schedule builds inside your script.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Example of Scheduling Inside a Declarative Pipeline<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>pipeline {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 triggers {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cron(&#8216;H 12 * * 1-5&#8217;) \/\/ Runs every weekday at 12 PM\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 agent any\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 stages {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 stage(&#8216;Build&#8217;) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 steps {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 echo &#8216;Building&#8230;&#8217;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Using Parameterized Scheduler Plugin<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If you need <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">dynamic scheduling<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, you can use the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Parameterized Scheduler Plugin<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Steps to Use Parameterized Scheduler<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"27\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Install the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Parameterized Scheduler Plugin<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> from Jenkins Plugin Manager.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"27\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Open <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins Job &gt; Configure<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"27\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Under <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Build Triggers&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, select <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Parameterized Scheduler&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"27\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Define parameters like TIME=0 18 * * * (Runs daily at 6 PM).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"27\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Click <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Save&#8221;<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Conclusion<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\"> :<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>For fixed time schedules \u2192 Use Build Periodically (Cron Expressions).<br \/>\nFor Git-based triggers \u2192 Use Poll SCM.<br \/>\nFor Jenkinsfiles \u2192 Use cron inside a declarative pipeline.<br \/>\nFor dynamic scheduling \u2192 Use Parameterized Scheduler Plugin.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/genai-qa-engineers-training-course.html?utm_source=blog_post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5555 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI.png\" alt=\"Babu's Gen AI\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Babus-Gen-AI-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0Q15. <\/span><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If you are facing lot of bugs while deployment how will address it?<\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> When encountering a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">high number of bugs during deployment<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, it&#8217;s crucial to take a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">structured approach<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to identify, analyze, and resolve issues efficiently. Here\u2019s how you can <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">address and minimize bugs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> during deployment:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span data-contrast=\"none\">1. Immediate Actions (During Deployment)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stop Deployment (If Critical Bugs Exist)<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"28\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If there are <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">showstopper<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> or <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">high-severity<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> defects, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">halt the deployment<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> immediately.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"28\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Roll back to the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">last stable version<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> if needed.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Categorize the Bugs<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"29\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prioritize defects based on <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Severity &amp; Priority<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"29\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Critical<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Fix immediately before proceeding.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"29\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">High<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Address before moving to production.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"29\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Medium<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Can be patched post-deployment if needed.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"29\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Low<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Minor issues; schedule fixes in future releases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Check Logs &amp; Debug Information<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"30\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Analyze <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">server logs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">application logs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jenkins logs<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for error traces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"30\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Check <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">database &amp; API<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> connectivity issues.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Test in Staging Before Proceeding<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"31\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Run a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">quick sanity test<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> on staging\/UAT before proceeding further.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"31\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If needed, revert to the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">previous stable release<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">2. Root Cause Analysis (After Identifying Bugs)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Analyze the Source of Bugs<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Are they due to <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">new code changes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> or <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">environment issues<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">JIRA\/Git history<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to check recent commits.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Identify <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">patterns<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 Are most bugs UI, API, database-related?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Check for Regression Issues<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"33\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Verify if <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">previously working features broke<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> due to new changes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"33\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Run <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">automated regression tests<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to confirm.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Review Code Changes &amp; Deployment Process<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conduct a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">code review<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to find problematic commits.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Check <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CI\/CD pipelines<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for misconfigurations.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">3. Preventive Measures for Future Deployments<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enhance Automated Testing<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"35\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Implement <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">unit tests, integration tests, and regression tests<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"35\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Increase test coverage with <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Selenium for UI &amp; API automation<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use Canary or Blue-Green Deployments<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"36\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Deploy new changes <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to a small set of users first<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> before full deployment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"36\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If issues arise, rollback <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">without impacting all users<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Improve Logging &amp; Monitoring<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"37\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Implement <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">real-time monitoring<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> with tools like <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ELK Stack, <\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Datadog\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Datadog<\/span><\/a><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, or Splunk<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"37\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Set up <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">alert notifications<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in case of deployment failures.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conduct Post-Deployment Review<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hold a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">retrospective meeting<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to discuss what went wrong and improve the next release cycle.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Conclusion<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">During deployment:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Stop if critical, analyze logs, and categorize defects.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After deployment:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Perform <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">root cause analysis<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, check regressions, and improve testing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For future releases:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Strengthen <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">automation testing, monitoring, and deployment strategies<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong data-start=\"5143\" data-end=\"5214\">How should I answer scenario-based questions in Infosys interviews?<\/strong><br data-start=\"5214\" data-end=\"5217\" \/>Focus on explaining your real experience, steps you followed, and the outcome.<\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q16. Write syntax for webdriverwait,implicitlywait,Fluentwait<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\"> ?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ans :<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">1. Implicit Wait (Global Wait)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Implicit Wait<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> applies globally and waits for a specified time before throwing NoSuchElementException.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>java\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.time.Duration;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class ImplicitWaitExample {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10)); \/\/ Waits up to 10 sec\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(&#8220;https:\/\/example.com&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.quit();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Explanation<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0This wait is applied <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">globally<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for all elements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">If an element is not found immediately, it <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">keeps checking until the timeout<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> expires.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">2. Explicit Wait (WebDriverWait)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">WebDriverWait<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> is used to wait for a <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">specific condition<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> before proceeding.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>java\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.By;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.time.Duration;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class ExplicitWaitExample {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(&#8220;https:\/\/example.com&#8221;);\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id(&#8220;submitBtn&#8221;)));\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 element.click();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.quit();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Explanation\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Waits for a specific condition<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (e.g., element to be visible).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Helps when dealing with <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">dynamic elements<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">More efficient than Implicit Wait<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> as it waits only when necessary.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">3. Fluent Wait (More Flexible)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fluent Wait<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> allows polling intervals and ignoring exceptions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>java\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.By;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.time.Duration;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>import java.util.function.Function;\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>public class FluentWaitExample {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public static void main(String[] args) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(&#8220;https:\/\/example.com&#8221;);\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 FluentWait&lt;WebDriver&gt; wait = new FluentWait&lt;&gt;(driver)\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20))\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\/\/ Maximum wait time<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;469777462&quot;:[916,1832,2748,3664,4580,5496,6412,7328,8244,9160,10076,10992,11908,12824,13740,14656],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(2))\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\/\/ Checks every 2 seconds\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 .ignoring(Exception.class);\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\/\/ Ignores exceptions like NoSuchElementException\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WebElement element = wait.until(new Function&lt;WebDriver, WebElement&gt;() {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 return driver.findElement(By.id(&#8220;submitBtn&#8221;));\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 });\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 element.click();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.quit();\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 }\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>}\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Explanation\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fluent Wait is more advanced<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u2013 You can set a polling frequency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Useful for <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">dynamic elements<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> that appear after an unpredictable delay.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Handles exceptions<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> like NoSuchElementException automatically.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ai-master-class.testleaf.com\/?utm_source=GenAI_Webinar&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=GenAI_Webinar\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7642 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass.png\" alt=\"Gen AI Masterclass\" width=\"2048\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass-1536x384.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gen-AI-Masterclass-150x38.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Q17. Agile ceremonies?<\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n<h4 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Agile Ceremonies in Scrum<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Agile follows an iterative approach to software development, and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scrum<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> defines <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">five key ceremonies<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (meetings) to enhance collaboration, transparency, and delivery efficiency.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">1. Sprint Planning<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Purpose:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Plan the work to be completed in the upcoming sprint.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Who Attends:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Scrum Master, Product Owner, Development Team.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Duration:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ~2 hours per week of Sprint (e.g., 4 hours for a 2-week sprint).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Activities in Sprint Planning<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Product Owner prioritizes the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Product Backlog<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Development Team selects <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">User Stories<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> for the sprint.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Define the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sprint Goal<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Break stories into <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">tasks<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (optional).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Define the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Definition of Done (DoD)<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Example\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Suppose a team is developing an <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e-commerce website<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. In Sprint Planning, they might select:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Implement <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Login functionality<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Develop <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cart feature<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Integrate <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Payment Gateway<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">2. Daily Stand-up (Daily Scrum)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Purpose:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> A short, time-boxed meeting to update progress and identify blockers.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Who Attends:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Scrum Team (Scrum Master, Developers, QA, etc.).<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Duration:<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">15 minutes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (same time, same place).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Three Key Questions in Daily Stand-up<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What did I do yesterday?<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What will I do today?<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"40\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Are there any blockers?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Example\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Developer:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;Yesterday, I completed the login API. Today, I will work on UI integration. No blockers.&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tester:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;I tested the checkout flow. I found a bug in the payment process. Need help from Dev.&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">3. Sprint Review (Demo Day)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Purpose:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Showcase the completed work to stakeholders &amp; gather feedback.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Who Attends:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Scrum Team, Product Owner, Stakeholders, Business Team.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Duration:<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1-2 hours<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> at the end of the sprint.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Activities in Sprint Review<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Team <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">demonstrates<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> completed user stories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Product Owner <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">validates acceptance criteria<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stakeholders provide <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">feedback for improvement<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Any unfinished work goes back to the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Product Backlog<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\"><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Team Demoing a Feature:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;We have implemented the cart functionality. Users can now add, remove, and update items.&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stakeholder Feedback:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;Can we add a &#8216;Save for Later&#8217; button?&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u00a04. Sprint Retrospective (Retro)\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Purpose:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Inspect the last sprint and improve processes for the next one.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Who Attends:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Scrum Team (No stakeholders).<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Duration:<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1 hour<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> after Sprint Review.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">What Happens in a Retro?<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"42\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What went well?<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"42\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What didn\u2019t go well?<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"%1.\" data-font=\"Calibri\" data-listid=\"42\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769242&quot;:[65533,0],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;%1.&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What can we improve?<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Example\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Good:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;Collaboration between Dev &amp; QA improved.&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Bad:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;We had too many unplanned tasks.&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Action Item:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;Define clear sprint scope to reduce last-minute work.&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 aria-level=\"2\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">5. Product Backlog Refinement (Grooming)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Purpose:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Continuously improve &amp; refine the backlog for future sprints.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Who Attends:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Product Owner, Scrum Master, Developers.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Duration:<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1-2 hours per sprint<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (usually mid-sprint).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6 aria-level=\"3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Activities in Backlog Grooming<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"43\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prioritize &amp; estimate backlog items.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"43\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Break down large stories into smaller, manageable ones.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"43\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Remove outdated or unnecessary tasks.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p aria-level=\"3\"><strong>Example\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Before Grooming:<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> &#8220;Develop Payment Module&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After Grooming:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Create Payment API&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Design UI for Payment Page&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;IntegrateRazor pay with Checkout&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1gwe5ma\" data-start=\"3222\" data-end=\"3259\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Infosys_Actually_Evaluates_You\"><\/span><strong>How Infosys Actually Evaluates You<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3261\" data-end=\"3321\">Infosys interviewers don\u2019t just check answers\u2014they evaluate:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3323\" data-end=\"3451\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1sjfia7\" data-start=\"3323\" data-end=\"3356\">Your problem-solving approach<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"180v8i0\" data-start=\"3357\" data-end=\"3389\">Your real project experience<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"unokq5\" data-start=\"3390\" data-end=\"3415\">Your debugging skills<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i5jde3\" data-start=\"3416\" data-end=\"3451\">Your ability to explain clearly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3453\" data-end=\"3507\">Clear thinking matters more than memorized answers.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"vifaam\" data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3602\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Updated_for_2026_Automation_Testing_Trends\"><\/span><strong>Updated for 2026 Automation Testing Trends<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3604\" data-end=\"3634\">Modern interviews now include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3783\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2bdh3r\" data-start=\"3636\" data-end=\"3669\">AI in software testing basics<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"l8fi8c\" data-start=\"3670\" data-end=\"3702\">CI\/CD pipeline understanding<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rlvw8k\" data-start=\"3703\" data-end=\"3741\">Playwright vs Selenium comparisons<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1h231ct\" data-start=\"3742\" data-end=\"3783\">Test stability and flakiness handling<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3785\" data-end=\"3865\">Candidates who understand <strong data-start=\"3814\" data-end=\"3841\">AI in testing workflows<\/strong> have a clear advantage.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conclusion:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:180,&quot;335559739&quot;:180}\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Preparing for an interview at a company like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infosys.com\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Infosys<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> means having a solid grasp of both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience with modern automation testing practices and agile processes. This document has explored everything from the challenges of dynamic element handling and CI\/CD integration to the nuances of exception management, OOP principles in framework design, and even agile ceremonies. By understanding these key areas, you can confidently tackle real-world problems, optimize your testing strategies, and articulate your technical skills effectively during interviews. Use these insights as a springboard to refine your approach, continue learning, and ultimately excel in your professional journey. Good luck, and happy coding!<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:180,&quot;335559739&quot;:180}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Also Read: <\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/capgemini-interview-guide-questions-and-tips-to-ace-interview\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/capgemini-interview-guide-questions-and-tips-to-ace-interview\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Also Read:<\/span><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/selenium-accenture-interview-questions\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/selenium-accenture-interview-questions\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Also Read:<\/span><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-20-interview-questions-in-software-testing\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-20-interview-questions-in-software-testing\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Also Read:<\/span><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-framework-interview-questions\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-framework-interview-questions\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span><strong>FAQs<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\t<div class=\"tlfaq\" id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26\"\n\t     data-single-open=\"0\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__items\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"FAQ\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">What is the difficulty level of Infosys automation testing interview?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nThe difficulty level is moderate and focuses on real-time scenarios, Selenium concepts, and framework design.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">How many rounds are there in Infosys testing interview?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nTypically 2\u20133 rounds including technical interview, managerial discussion, and HR round.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">What topics should I prepare for Infosys QA interview?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nSelenium, Java, API testing, framework design, and real-time project experience.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">What are the most important Selenium topics for Infosys interview?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nImportant Selenium topics include locators, waits, handling dynamic elements, frames, alerts, and WebDriver architecture.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">Do Infosys interviews include scenario-based questions?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nYes, Infosys interviews heavily focus on real-time scenario-based questions to evaluate practical problem-solving skills.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">Is API testing asked in Infosys automation testing interviews?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nYes, basic API testing concepts like status codes, request validation, and response handling are commonly asked.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">How should I explain my automation framework in an interview?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nExplain the structure, tools used, design patterns like POM, and how it improves reusability and maintainability.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-7\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">What is the role of CI\/CD in automation testing interviews?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nCI\/CD knowledge is important as it shows how you integrate automation tests into pipelines for continuous testing.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">Are Java coding questions asked in Infosys QA interviews?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nYes, basic Java concepts and simple coding questions are asked to evaluate logical thinking and programming skills.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">How much experience is required for Infosys automation testing roles?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nTypically, 2 to 5 years of experience is expected, with strong knowledge of Selenium, frameworks, and real-time project work.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">What mistakes should I avoid in automation testing interviews?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nAvoid giving theoretical answers without examples, not explaining real scenarios, and lacking clarity in your approach.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"tlfaq__item\"  id=\"tlfaq-f7b8c8b5-1b32-43e6-907a-42b70f5fad26-11\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"tlfaq__question\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__qtext\">How can I prepare for Infosys automation testing interview effectively?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"tlfaq__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tlfaq__answer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\nFocus on real-time scenarios, practice Selenium and Java, understand frameworks, and revise API testing concepts.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h5><strong>We Also Provide Training In:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/selenium-automation-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog_post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>Advanced Selenium Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/playwright.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>Playwright Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/genai-qa-engineers-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>Gen AI Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/aws-cloud-architect-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>AWS Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/rest-api-testing-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>REST API Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/full-stack-developer-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>Full Stack Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/appium-mobile-automation-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>Appium Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/dev-ops-master-certification-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>DevOps Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/course\/apache-jmeter-testing-training-course.html?utm_source=blog-post&amp;utm_medium=Organic&amp;utm_campaign=Blog_Post\"><strong>JMeter Performance Training<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6><strong>Author&#8217;s Bio<\/strong>:<\/h6>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2404 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design.png 250w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design-96x96.png 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As CEO of TestLeaf, I\u2019m dedicated to transforming software testing by empowering individuals with real-world skills and advanced technology. With 24+ years in software engineering, I lead our mission to shape local talent into global software professionals. Join us in redefining the future of test engineering and making a lasting impact in the tech world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Babu Manickam<\/strong><br \/>\nCEO &#8211; Testleaf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/in.linkedin.com\/in\/babu-manickam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/linkedin.png\" alt=\"LinkedIn Logo\" width=\"28\" height=\"28\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: In today\u2019s competitive tech landscape, mastering core concepts in automation testing, software development, and agile methodologies is crucial for any aspiring professional. This document compiles a range of common Infosys interview questions for automation testing and detailed answers that cover real-world challenges and best practices\u2014from handling dynamic web elements in Selenium and integrating CI\/CD &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/2025-top-automation-testing-infosys-interview-questions-with-expert-answers-from-testleaf-for-2-to-5-years-experience\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">2026 Top Automation Testing Infosys Interview Questions with Expert Answers from Testleaf for 2 to 5 Years&#8217; Experience<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3992,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[128,65,122],"class_list":["post-3991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interview-questions","tag-automation-interview-questions","tag-interview-questions","tag-top-interview-questions"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3991"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10250,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions\/10250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3992"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}