{"id":1546,"date":"2023-08-04T19:03:40","date_gmt":"2023-08-04T13:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/?p=1546"},"modified":"2025-08-30T18:41:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-30T13:11:09","slug":"manual-testing-vs-automation-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"Manual Testing Vs Automation Testing : A Detailed Comparison"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1546-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing.mp3\">https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In today&#8217;s Rapidly Changing digital landscape, software development has become an integral part of businesses across various industries. As Organisations strive to deliver high-quality products to their users, the question of testing methodologies arises. Manual Testing and automation Testing are two prominent approaches that play a crucial role in ensuring software reliability. In this article, we&#8217;ll delve into a comprehensive comparison of manual Testing and automated Testing, highlighting their differences, advantages, and best use cases. Before we go into deep Comparison, lets understand about software testing<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#What_is_Software_Testing\" >What is Software Testing?\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#What_is_Manual_Testing\" >What is Manual Testing?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#What_is_Automation_Testing\" >What is Automation Testing?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Comparing_Manual_and_Automation_Testing\" >Comparing Manual and Automation Testing:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Accuracy_and_Reliability\" >Accuracy and Reliability:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Efficiency_and_Time_Savings\" >Efficiency and Time Savings:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Flexibility_and_Adaptability\" >Flexibility and Adaptability:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Test_Case_Suitability\" >Test Case Suitability:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Cost_Efficiency\" >Cost Efficiency:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Time_Savings\" >Time Savings:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Error_Detection_and_Reporting\" >Error Detection and Reporting:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Test_Case_Suitability-2\" >Test Case Suitability:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Collaboration_and_Communication\" >Collaboration and Communication:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Agile_Adaptability\" >Agile Adaptability:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion:\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/#FAQs\" >FAQ&#8217;s<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Software_Testing\"><\/span><b>What is Software Testing?\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Software Testing is a Process used to identify the Correctness, Completeness and Quality of developed software. It includes the process of activities with the intent of finding errors in the software so that it can be corrected before the product is released to the end users. Software testing is a part of the software development life cycle, and it is a huge domain, but it is categorized as into two main categories i.e\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Manual Testing\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Automation Testing\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Related Reading: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/top-software-testing-trends-2023\/\"><b>\u00a0Top Software Testing Trends To Watch Out For In 2023<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Manual_Testing\"><\/span><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\">What is Manual Testing?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manual Testing is a software testing process in which the evaluation of a software application&#8217;s functionality, features, and performance is carried out manually by human testers without the use of automated testing tools or scripts. It involves a tester executing the application&#8217;s functionalities, interacting with the user interface, and verifying that it behaves as expected<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Automation_Testing\"><\/span><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\">What is Automation Testing?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automated Testing is a method of testing software that involves using automation to validate its functionality and ensure that it meets the necessary requirements before being released for use. This technique allows testers to execute specific software tests much more quickly without relying on human testers. Automated Testing is beneficial for significant or repetitive test cases.Tools like<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/\"><b> Selenium Webdriver<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> helps Automate testing Process<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Related Blog :<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/10-best-automation-software-testing-tools-in-2023\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> [ <\/span><b>Automation Software Testing Tools<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Comparing_Manual_and_Automation_Testing\"><\/span><b>Comparing Manual and Automation Testing:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let&#8217;s delve into a head-to-head comparison of these two testing approaches across various dimensions:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Accuracy_and_Reliability\"><\/span><b>Accuracy and Reliability:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In manual Testing, the human tester&#8217;s judgement and intuition come into play, allowing for a deeper analysis of the software&#8217;s behavior. Automated Testing, while precise and consistent, might lack the context to identify specific subtle issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1548\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing.jpg\" alt=\"Manual Testing Vs Automation Testing\" width=\"1052\" height=\"629\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing.jpg 1052w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing-1024x612.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing-768x459.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Manual-Testing-Vs-Automation-Testing-150x90.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1052px) 100vw, 1052px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Efficiency_and_Time_Savings\"><\/span><b>Efficiency and Time Savings:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automated Testing trumps manual Testing in terms of speed and repeatability. Regression testing, for instance, can be executed rapidly with automation, enabling faster feedback loops during development.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Flexibility_and_Adaptability\"><\/span><b>Flexibility and Adaptability:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manual Testing shines when adapting to dynamic changes, particularly in agile development environments. Automated Testing, although adaptable with effort, might struggle to keep pace with rapid changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Test_Case_Suitability\"><\/span><b>Test Case Suitability:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While automated Testing is well-suited for repetitive and data-intensive test cases, manual Testing&#8217;s human insight is crucial for exploratory, usability, and ad-hoc Testing.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cost_Efficiency\"><\/span><b>Cost Efficiency:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Budget considerations significantly impact testing strategies. Manual Testing tends to be more cost-effective in the short term, while automated Testing&#8217;s initial setup costs might be higher but can yield long-term savings through faster and more consistent Testing.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Time_Savings\"><\/span><b>Time Savings:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automated Testing is a time-saving champion, executing test cases swiftly and enabling quicker releases. Manual Testing&#8217;s thoroughness might require more time but can uncover critical defects that automation might miss.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Error_Detection_and_Reporting\"><\/span><b>Error Detection and Reporting:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manual testers act as detectives, using their intuition to identify defects that might elude automated scripts. Automated Testing, however, excels in promptly reporting identified issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Test_Case_Suitability-2\"><\/span><b>Test Case Suitability:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choosing the proper testing approach hinges on the nature of the test case. Automated Testing shines when dealing with repetitive tasks, massive datasets, and extensive regression scenarios. Manual Testing&#8217;s adaptability is vital for exploratory and usability Testing, where a human&#8217;s intuitive understanding is invaluable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collaboration_and_Communication\"><\/span><b>Collaboration and Communication:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manual Testing fosters collaboration within cross-functional teams. The dynamic interactions among team members help uncover issues that automated tests might not catch. Automated Testing, when integrated seamlessly, enhances communication by providing clear and consistent test results.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Agile_Adaptability\"><\/span><b>Agile Adaptability:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In agile environments, manual Testing&#8217;s flexibility proves beneficial. The ability to pivot quickly aligns with the iterative nature of agile development. Automated Testing can complement this approach by providing continuous integration and regression testing.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><b>Conclusion:\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each approach brings unique advantages to the table, and the ideal choice depends on factors like project scope, timeline, and resource availability. Leveraging the strengths of manual and automation Testing in tandem can lead to a robust and reliable software development process. So, whether you opt for the human touch of manual Testing or the precision of automated Testing, make your decision based on a thorough understanding of your project&#8217;s needs. Ready to enhance your testing skills? Explore our comprehensive <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.testleaf.com\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Software testing course in Chennai <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0and take your software testing process to the next level.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span><b>FAQ&#8217;s<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Can automation Testing completely replace manual Testing?<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automated Testing is efficient for repetitive tasks and regression testing, but manual Testing&#8217;s human judgement and exploratory approach uncover nuanced defects that automation might miss.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong>Is manual Testing more reliable than automation Testing?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both manual and automation Testing have their strengths; manual Testing offers human judgement for complex scenarios, while automated Testing excels in repetitive validations.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong>How can organizations choose the right testing method?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations should consider project scale, time constraints, and complexity when choosing between manual and automated testing methods.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong>What challenges do testers face with manual Testing?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Testers often face challenges of time consumption and subjectivity in manual Testing, requiring careful planning and execution.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong>Which industries benefit most from automated Testing?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Industries such as software development, e-commerce, finance, and healthcare benefit significantly from automated Testing due to their reliance on software systems and frequent updates.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong>Author&#8217;s Bio<\/strong>:<\/h6>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2404 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design.png 250w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Untitled-design-96x96.png 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As CEO of TestLeaf, I\u2019m dedicated to transforming software testing by empowering individuals with real-world skills and advanced technology. With 24+ years in software engineering, I lead our mission to shape local talent into global software professionals. Join us in redefining the future of test engineering and making a lasting impact in the tech world.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Babu Manickam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CEO &#8211; Testleaf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/in.linkedin.com\/in\/babu-manickam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/linkedin.png\" alt=\"LinkedIn Logo\" width=\"28\" height=\"28\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; In today&#8217;s Rapidly Changing digital landscape, software development has become an integral part of businesses across various industries. As Organisations strive to deliver high-quality products to their users, the question of testing methodologies arises. Manual Testing and automation Testing are two prominent approaches that play a crucial role in ensuring software reliability. In this &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/manual-testing-vs-automation-testing\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Manual Testing Vs Automation Testing : A Detailed Comparison<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[108,107,42],"tags":[79,109,43],"class_list":["post-1546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-automation-testing","category-manual-testing","category-software-testing","tag-automation-testing","tag-manual-testing","tag-software-testing"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1546"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1546\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2454,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1546\/revisions\/2454"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.testleaf.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}